How to build pianobar in Ubuntu, easiest way using ubuntu development packages

sudo apt-get install git-core libmad0-dev libfaad-dev libao-dev gnutls-dev

mkdir git
cd git

git clone https://github.com/PromyLOPh/pianobar.git

cd pianobar

make
sudo make install

The make install will install the application after building so that any user can type pianobar into the shell and launch it from a common location.

More details can be found here in case you want to be fancier and not install libmad or libfaad. You will need one of the two.

libmad is an audio decoder supporting MPEG-1, MPEG-2, as well as the de facto MPEG 2.5 format. Layers I, II, III (i.e. MP3) fully implemented.
libfaad is is an open source MPEG-4 and MPEG-2 AAC decoder
libao is a cross platform audio output library